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Portuguese language refers to Romanic linguistic group. It is widely spread all over the
world. The number of speakers of this language is 208-218 million people. It occupies the fifth
place in the world linguistic rating: according to the global statistics, Portuguese is used in such
countries as Portugal, Angola, Brazil, the African countries like Cape Verde, Guinea Bissau,
Goa, Daman and Diu; the Macao district of China and the formerly Portuguese regions of India.
This global distribution owes to the colonial expansion of Portugal in the 15-16th
centuries. The empire created by the Portuguese embraced countries of the African and
American continent; it existed for five hundred years: from 1415 to 1975. This substantial time
span explains the fact that Portuguese is the most spoken language in South America and one of
the most significant languages in Africa; it is the official language of some states that became
independent in the twentieth century, particularly Namibia and Cape Verde. Portuguese is also
one of the official languages of the European Union.
The most prominent representatives of Portuguese literature have given their own names
to their native language: it is called "the language of Cam?es", who wrote "The Lusiads", "the
last flower of Latio" after Olavo Bilac and "the sweet language" after Cervantes, the author of
the story about the hapless hidalgo Don Quichote .
The origin of the Portuguese language dates back to the 5th century B.C., when the
Roman Empire collapsed on the West-Iberian peninsula. This language developed from the oral,
or Vulgar Latin, brought by the Roman legionaries. By the beginning of the fifteenth century
Portuguesee developed as an original expressive language with abundant and peculiar literature.
Portuguese language has a handful of dialects, which are distinguished by the territorial
attribute: for example, Timorese is spread in East Timor, while Bengalese is spoken in the
Angola's province Bengali.
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